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澳聯儲再度暫停加息,背後的原因何在

Vantage 更新 Updated Fri, 2023 August 11 03:49
澳聯儲再度暫停加息,背後的原因何在

8月1日,澳洲聯儲宣布維持4.1%的利率水平不變,這是澳聯儲自4月以來第三次暫停加息,出乎市場意料。此前路透社對36位經濟學家進行了調查,其中20位經濟學家預計該行將加息,其余經濟學家則預測該行將按兵不動。消息發布後,澳大利亞三年期國債收益率下跌4BP至3.82%,澳元兌美元日內下跌超過百點。

2023年4月以來,澳聯儲已暫停加息3次

此次澳聯儲決定暫停加息,主要出于三點考慮。首先通脹放緩超出預期。澳洲第二季度CPI同比增長6%,為2022年第一季度以來新低,預期為6.20%,表明自2022年5月開始的總共12次加息已經開始發揮作用,而這剛好也給了澳聯儲評估貨幣政策的緩沖時間。其次,由于生活成本壓力和利率上升的共同作用,消費增長已大幅放緩。澳洲今年一季度最終消費支出季率錄得0.2%,且從去年一季度開始就呈現逐步下降趨勢,同時2023年二季度零售銷售季率為-0.5%,也呈現負增長。澳洲經濟降溫,也是澳聯儲不敢激進加息的原因之一。

澳洲最終消費支出季率一路下滑

再者,跟美國一樣,由于前幾年疫情的影響,澳洲也開始出現了辦公樓市的空置率高的問題。數據顯示,墨爾本和悉尼的辦公樓盤空置率分別在2023年第一季度出現總體上升,其中投資等級較低的B級辦公樓盤空置率則沖破了20.8%。這說明辦公樓市的需求下降,導致租金出現相應下降,辦公樓投資方的租金收入銳減,再加上澳聯儲加息,導致債務成本,也就是所需付出利息的上升,房産又屬于變現周期較長的投資項目,投資方就存在違約的可能,也就是放棄這些房産項目,辦公樓市就面臨不斷貶值的風險,大型建築商存在破産的可能。

2023年3月報告顯示,澳洲各地辦公樓空置率高企

止損之後就是出局,出局必然會套現,就可能出現大規模的信貸擠兌。想想今年3月美國中小型銀行的爆雷事件,就引發了新一輪的市場危機。因此在辦公樓市出現窘境的節骨眼上,相信澳聯儲也不會連續加息,放大目前的高利率環境,加大經濟危機的風險。綜合澳聯儲的政策和澳洲經濟現狀,澳元在短線大幅回升的可能性相對有限,不過這不意味著澳聯儲加息周期的結束,只是短期來看,去年連續加息的可能性較低。

2023年08月11日 許曦揚

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